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Treasury Regulations · 26 CFR Part 53

Part 53. Foundation and similar excise taxes

Regulation text, no changes From the eCFR, current as of October 15, 2026. The eCFR is an authoritative but unofficial editorial compilation of the Code of Federal Regulations; the official text is the annual CFR on govinfo. Compare it with Title 26 on ecfr.gov (external site) or the official annual CFR on govinfo (external site).

  1. Subpart A Taxes on Investment Income § 53.4940-1

    1. § 53.4940-1 Excise tax on net investment income.

  2. Subpart B Taxes on Self-Dealing §§ 53.4941(a)-1 to 53.4941(f)-1

    1. § 53.4941(a)-1 Imposition of initial taxes.
    2. § 53.4941(b)-1 Imposition of additional taxes.
    3. § 53.4941(c)-1 Special rules.
    4. § 53.4941(d)-1 Definition of self-dealing.
    5. § 53.4941(d)-2 Specific acts of self-dealing.
    6. § 53.4941(d)-3 Exceptions to self-dealing.
    7. § 53.4941(d)-4 Transitional rules.
    8. § 53.4941(e)-1 Definitions.
    9. § 53.4941(f)-1 Effective dates.

  3. Subpart C Taxes on Failure To Distribute Income §§ 53.4942(a)-1 to 53.4942(b)-3

    1. § 53.4942(a)-1 Taxes for failure to distribute income.
    2. § 53.4942(a)-2 Computation of undistributed income.
    3. § 53.4942(a)-3 Qualifying distributions defined.
    4. § 53.4942(b)-1 Operating foundations.
    5. § 53.4942(b)-2 Alternative tests.
    6. § 53.4942(b)-3 Determination of compliance with operating foundation tests.

  4. Subpart D Taxes on Excess Business Holdings §§ 53.4943-1 to 53.4943-11

    1. § 53.4943-1 General rule; purpose.
    2. § 53.4943-2 Imposition of tax on excess business holdings of private foundations.
    3. § 53.4943-3 Determination of excess business holdings.
    4. § 53.4943-4 Present holdings.
    5. § 53.4943-5 Present holdings acquired by trust or a will.
    6. § 53.4943-6 Five-year period to dispose of gifts, bequests, etc.
    7. § 53.4943-7 Special rules for readjustments involving grandfathered holdings.
    8. § 53.4943-8 Business holdings; constructive ownership.
    9. § 53.4943-9 Business holdings; certain periods.
    10. § 53.4943-10 Business enterprise; definition.
    11. § 53.4943-11 Effective/applicability date.

  5. Subpart E Taxes on Investments Which Jeopardize Charitable Purpose §§ 53.4944-1 to 53.4944-6

    1. § 53.4944-1 Initial taxes.
    2. § 53.4944-2 Additional taxes.
    3. § 53.4944-3 Exception for program-related investments.
    4. § 53.4944-4 Special rules.
    5. § 53.4944-5 Definitions.
    6. § 53.4944-6 Special rules for investments made prior to January 1, 1970.

  6. Subpart F Taxes on Taxable Expenditures §§ 53.4945-1 to 53.4945-6

    1. § 53.4945-1 Taxes on taxable expenditures.
    2. § 53.4945-2 Propaganda influencing legislation.
    3. § 53.4945-3 Influencing elections and carrying on voter registration drives.
    4. § 53.4945-4 Grants to individuals.
    5. § 53.4945-5 Grants to organizations.
    6. § 53.4945-6 Expenditures for noncharitable purposes.

  7. Subpart G Definitions and Special Rules § 53.4946-1

    1. § 53.4946-1 Definitions and special rules.

  8. Subpart H Application to Certain Nonexempt Trusts §§ 53.4947-1 to 53.4947-2

    1. § 53.4947-1 Application of tax.
    2. § 53.4947-2 Special rules.

  9. Subpart I Tax on Investment Income of and Denial of Exemption to Certain Foreign Organizations § 53.4948-1

    1. § 53.4948-1 Application of taxes and denial of exemption with respect to certain foreign organizations.

  10. Subpart J Black Lung Benefit Trust Excise Taxes §§ 53.4951-1 to 53.4952-1

    1. § 53.4951-1 Black lung trusts—taxes on self-dealing.
    2. § 53.4952-1 Black lung trusts—taxes on taxable expenditures.

  11. Subpart K Second Tier Excise Taxes §§ 53.4955-1 to 53.4968-4

    1. § 53.4955-1 Tax on political expenditures.
    2. § 53.4958-0 Table of contents.
    3. § 53.4958-1 Taxes on excess benefit transactions.
    4. § 53.4958-2 Definition of applicable tax-exempt organization.
    5. § 53.4958-3 Definition of disqualified person.
    6. § 53.4958-4 Excess benefit transaction.
    7. § 53.4958-5 Transaction in which the amount of the economic benefit is determined in whole or in part by the revenues of one or more activities of the organization.
    8. § 53.4958-6 Rebuttable presumption that a transaction is not an excess benefit transaction.
    9. § 53.4958-7 Correction.
    10. § 53.4958-8 Special rules.
    11. § 53.4959-1 Taxes on failures by hospital organizations to meet section 501(r)(3).
    12. § 53.4960-0 Table of contents.
    13. § 53.4960-1 Scope and definitions.
    14. § 53.4960-2 Determination of remuneration paid for a taxable year.
    15. § 53.4960-3 Determination of whether there is a parachute payment.
    16. § 53.4960-4 Liability for tax on excess remuneration and excess parachute payments.
    17. § 53.4960-5 [Reserved]
    18. § 53.4960-6 Applicability date.
    19. § 53.4961-1 Abatement of second tier taxes for correction within correction period.
    20. § 53.4961-2 Court proceedings to determine liability for second tier tax.
    21. § 53.4963-1 Definitions.
    22. § 53.4965-1 Overview.
    23. § 53.4965-2 Covered tax-exempt entities.
    24. § 53.4965-3 Prohibited tax shelter transactions.
    25. § 53.4965-4 Definition of tax-exempt party to a prohibited tax shelter transaction.
    26. § 53.4965-5 Entity managers and related definitions.
    27. § 53.4965-6 Meaning of “knows or has reason to know”.
    28. § 53.4965-7 Taxes on prohibited tax shelter transactions.
    29. § 53.4965-8 Definition of net income and proceeds and standard for allocating net income or proceeds to various periods.
    30. § 53.4965-9 Effective/applicability dates.
    31. § 53.4968-1 Excise tax based on investment income of certain private colleges and universities.
    32. § 53.4968-2 Net investment income.
    33. § 53.4968-3 Related organizations.
    34. § 53.4968-4 Applicability date.

  12. Subpart L Procedure and Administration §§ 53.6001-1 to 53.7701-1

    1. § 53.6001-1 Notice or regulations requiring records, statements, and special returns.
    2. § 53.6011-1 General requirement of return, statement or list.
    3. § 53.6011-4 Requirement of statement disclosing participation in certain transactions by taxpayers.
    4. § 53.6060-1 Reporting requirements for tax return preparers.
    5. § 53.6061-1 Signing of returns and other documents.
    6. § 53.6065-1 Verification of returns.
    7. § 53.6071-1 Time for filing returns.
    8. § 53.6081-1 Automatic extension of time for filing the return to report taxes due under section 4951 for self-dealing with a nuclear decommissioning fund.
    9. § 53.6091-1 Place for filing chapter 42 tax returns.
    10. § 53.6091-2 Exceptional cases.
    11. § 53.6107-1 Tax return preparer must furnish copy of return or claim for refund to taxpayer and must retain a copy or record.
    12. § 53.6109-1 Tax return preparers furnishing identifying numbers for returns or claims for refund filed.
    13. § 53.6151-1 Time and place for paying tax shown on returns.
    14. § 53.6161-1 Extension of time for paying tax or deficiency.
    15. § 53.6165-1 Bonds where time to pay tax or deficiency has been extended.
    16. § 53.6601-1 Interest on underpayment, nonpayment, or extensions of time for payment, of tax.
    17. § 53.6651-1 Failure to file tax return or to pay tax.
    18. § 53.6694-1 Section 6694 penalties applicable to tax return preparer.
    19. § 53.6694-2 Penalties for understatement due to an unreasonable position.
    20. § 53.6694-3 Penalty for understatement due to willful, reckless, or intentional conduct.
    21. § 53.6694-4 Extension of period of collection when tax return preparer pays 15 percent of a penalty for understatement of taxpayer's liability and certain other procedural matters.
    22. § 53.6695-1 Other assessable penalties with respect to the preparation of tax returns or claims for refund for other persons.
    23. § 53.6696-1 Claims for credit or refund by tax return preparers.
    24. § 53.7101-1 Form of bonds.
    25. § 53.7701-1 Tax return preparer.